Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and other Central Nervous System Inflammatory Demyelinating Diseases that meet diagnostic criteria;
Patients with SDMT scores \<55 or subjective cognitive decline;
Age between 18 and 65 years, gender unrestricted;
No relapse or medication changes in the past month;
EDSS (Expanded Disability Status Scale) score ≤6;
Right-handed, native Chinese speakers with sufficient educational background to understand the test instructions; -Willing to participate and have signed informed consent.-
You may not be if
Relapse record within the past month;
Medication adjustment within the past month or having undergone modified electroconvulsive therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation, or other neuromodulation techniques;
Participating in any other clinical research within 1 month prior to enrollment or currently;
Presence of cochlear hearing aids, cardiac pacemakers, or implanted brain stimulation devices;
Skin integrity damage at electrode placement sites, or allergy to electrode gel or adhesives;
History of epilepsy, hydrocephalus, central nervous system tumors, brain injury, or intracranial infections;
Pregnant or lactating women, or those planning pregnancy in the near future;
Scoring ≥3 on item 3 (suicide item) of the HDRS-17 or concurrent severe mental illness;
Concurrent severe or unstable organic diseases;
Unable to cooperate with treatment, follow-up, or clinical, EEG, and imaging data collection due to poor patient compliance;
Other situations deemed inappropriate for study participation by the researchers.
