Confocal Histolog Scanner in Routine Breast-Conserving Surgery (CHiB)

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Moreover, numerous women have the diagnosis of a ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) each year, which can develop to invasive breast cancer without therapy. Breast conserving surgery (BCS) is the most performed surgical treatment for women with early-stage breast cancer and/ or DCIS. There is an ongoing need for more immediate and accurate methods for the intraoperative assessment (IOA) of breast tissue margins to achieve tumor free margins. A method for rapidly and accurately identifying positive surgical margins intraoperatively would allow the surgeon to immediately excise additional tissue to achieve negative margins. Thereby sparing the Subject a reoperation with all following consequences i.e., reduced oncological safety, reduced cosmetic, and economic burden. The Histolog® Scanner (HLS), a confocal laser scanning microscope was developed with the CE Mark intended use of imaging excised human tissue specimens to visualize morphological microstructures. Such a feature allows real-time IOA offering cutting edge imaging support beyond the conventional imaging techniques in clinical decision making. Promising results have been previously obtained in the SENOSI study of Sion (Switzerland) and the POLARHIS and HELIXIR studies in Germany. Therefore, this study is proposed to evaluate in real life the reoperation rates (ROR) of breast cancer and/or DCIS surgery when the HLS is used in the context of breast tissue margin assessment. Primary Objective: Evaluate the proportion of patients that had a surgical reoperation due to cancer-positive margins (Reoperation Rate). Secondary Objectives: Detection Rate * To evaluate real life detection of breast cancerwhen the HLS and accessories are used intraoperatively by surgeons for the assessment of breast surgical specimens in comparison with the final pathology assessment (gold standard) Usability * To survey usability of the HLS and accessories when used intraoperatively by surgeons for the assessment of breast surgical specimens Economic Impact * To evaluate the economic impact for the hospitals/payers of the reoperation rate achieved by the use of the HLS and accessories for the assessment of breast surgical specimens Safety * To monitor the safety of HLS and accessories when used intraoperatively by surgeons for the assessment of breast surgical specimens Primary Endpoint: Reoperation Rate \- Proportion of women who had a reoperation because of cancer positive margins identified at final pathology assessment. Secondary Endpoints: Detection Rate * Proportion of women for whom an unsafe margin was detected with HLS * Agreement between margin cancerous status of the main surgical specimen and of recuts determined intraoperatively with the HLS and postoperative final pathology assessment using histological slides * Rates of the intraoperative recuts depending on the different evaluation tools (HLS, ultrasound and specimen radiography) * Weight and dimensions of surgical specimens * HLS usage time on surgical specimens and recuts Usability * Usability rates of HLS and accessories including image acquisition, processing, and analysing time * Relevant tissue microstructures recognition by surgeons/ user * HLS and accessories ease of use * Rate of HLS' damage to tissue specimens Economic Impact \- Change in hospital cost per patient with BCS with or without using the HLS and accessories. This will be evaluated by monitoring the costs of breast conserving surgeries and the costs related to the use of the HLS including device price, HLS consumables, time of use of the HLS, reoperation rates and their associated surgical resources. Safety \- Incidence of adverse device effects during the surgery.