Gamified Digital Balance Assessment for Older Adults in Community Settings: Development, Validation, and User Experience Evaluation in a Mixed Methods Study

Exclusion Criteria

• •conditions that impede walking (e.g., hip fractures, lower limb amputations, hemiparesis),
• •medications causing dizziness or affecting balance (e.g., psychotropic drugs),
• •self-reported cardiovascular, pulmonary, neurological, musculoskeletal, or mental disorders,
• •severe fatigue or pain,
• •severe uncorrected vision or hearing impairments that may affect their ability to interact with the digital system