Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hyperkalemia in Non-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in Community

Hyperkalemia is a common and life-threatening complication in CKD, with limited data available for non-dialysis patients in community settings. This cross-sectional study will enroll 2,000 non-dialysis CKD patients (Stages 1-5) from 18 community health centers in Songjiang, Shanghai. The study includes: 1. Validation phase: 500 participants to validate POCT devices for measuring whole blood potassium, glucose, creatinine, uric acid, and hemoglobin. 2. Main phase: 1,500 participants to assess hyperkalemia prevalence and risk factors. Data will be collected through: 1. POCT and laboratory testing of blood samples. 2. Structured questionnaires capturing demographics, comorbidities, and lifestyle factors. Statistical analyses will identify key risk factors, and a predictive model will be developed to guide early screening and intervention. This study aims to improve CKD management in primary care by providing evidence for targeted hyperkalemia screening and prevention strategies.