Ergonomic Challenges for Surgeons; The Problem and Solutions

Surgeons often spend long hours in physically demanding positions, which can lead to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) such as neck, shoulder, and back pain. These issues can impact a surgeon's well-being, career longevity, and surgical performance. This study aims to understand the ergonomic challenges surgeons face during major gastrointestinal (GI) surgeries, including open, laparoscopic (keyhole), and robotic procedures. By analysing their posture during operations, researchers hope to develop strategies to reduce the risk of injury. The study will recruit general surgeons from University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust who perform or assist in GI surgeries. Using small motion sensors (Inertial Measurement Units, or IMUs) placed on the surgeons' bodies, researchers will track joint movements, body positions, and posture throughout different surgical techniques. This will help identify which postures and surgical steps are associated with the highest ergonomic risk. Video recordings of surgeries will also be collected to analyse movements and develop future training tools. Surgeons will complete questionnaires before and after surgery to report any discomfort or pain. The study will compare different surgical techniques to determine which carries the highest risk of injury and which aspects of surgery contribute to poor ergonomics. By identifying high-risk postures and steps within procedures, this research aims to provide recommendations for ergonomic improvements, such as better training, surgical workstation adjustments, or new tools to help surgeons maintain healthier postures. The results could lead to improved surgeon well-being, safer surgical practices, and longer career sustainability. Findings from this study will be used to develop educational materials and future research in surgical ergonomics. This study is observational and does not require any changes to standard surgical practice. Both surgeons and patients will provide consent before participation, ensuring ethical research practices.