Comparison of Physical Function and Quality of Life in Insulin and Non-Insulin Users With Type 2 Diabetes

This study aims to analyzemuscle strength, functional exercise capacity, physical activity levels, and quality of life (QoL) among a control group, insulin-using, and non-insulin-using patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. A total of 67 individuals with a mean age of 54.68 ± 7.41 years were included in the study. Among these participants, 18 were insulin users (Group 1), 21 were non-insulin users (Group 2) with Type II Diabetes, and 28 were healthy individuals (Group 3). Demographic data of the participants were recorded. Grip strength was measured using a hand-grip dynamometer, and quadriceps strength was measured with a handheld dynamometer. Functional exercise capacity was evaluated using the 6-minute walk test (6 MWT), and physical activity levels were assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The Short Form-12 questionnaire was used to assess QoL, the 30-second sit-to-stand test was used for lower extremity strength, and the Semmes-Weinstein Monofilament test was conducted to evaluate protective sensory loss.