Sequential PEG-IFN for HBV After Ending RNA-targeted Regimens

Exclusion Criteria

• •Decompensated cirrhosis or hepatic malignancy (evidenced by imaging or histology within 6 months before/during screening).
• •Elevated AFP: Screening AFP \>100 ng/mL; AFP 20-100 ng/mL with imaging-confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma (ultrasound/CT/MRI).
• •Coinfection with hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis D virus (HDV), hepatitis E virus (HEV), or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
• •Recent immunomodulatory therapy: Systemic corticosteroids, thymosin, or other potent immunomodulators for \>2 weeks within 6 months before enrollment.
• •Pregnancy, lactation, or plans for pregnancy during the study.
• •Autoimmune hepatitis.
• •Active autoimmune diseases (e.g., psoriasis, systemic lupus erythematosus).
• •Uncontrolled cardiovascular disease (e.g., unstable angina, myocardial infarction within 6 months).
• •Poorly controlled endocrine disorders (e.g., diabetes mellitus, thyroid dysfunction).
• •Severe psychiatric disorders: History of depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, or family history of psychiatric conditions (especially depression).
• •Substance abuse: Alcohol (\>40 g/day for males; \>20 g/day for females) or Illicit drug use.
• •Severe retinopathy or ophthalmologic disorders.
• •Renal diseases: Chronic nephritis, renal insufficiency, nephrotic syndrome.
• •Major organ dysfunction (e.g., heart, lung, pancreas).
• •Organ transplant recipients or candidates.
• •Hypersensitivity to interferon or excipients.
• •Concurrent participation in other HBV-related interventional trials.
• •Other conditions deemed unsuitable by investigators (e.g., non-compliance risk).