Mechanical Modalities vs. Standard Care for Edema and Pain Management After DRF Fixation

Exclusion Criteria

• •Unstable fixation or need for further surgical intervention. Pre-existing conditions that would significantly affect upper limb function (e.g., severe arthritis, neurological disorders).
• •History of skin conditions or allergies that contraindicate the use of mechanical devices.
• •Any contraindication to mechanical modalities (for example, severe peripheral vascular disease).
• •Inability to comply with study procedures or follow-up visits. Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals.