Effects of Esketamine on the Incidence of Postoperative Delirium and Postoperative Sleep Disturbance in Elderly Patients After Major Non-cardiac Surgery

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. People with mental illness;
• •2. Suffering from serious central nervous system disorders such as arkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, etc;
• •3. Elevated intracranial pressure;
• •4. Emergency or trauma surgery;
• •5. Prior history of postoperative delirium or postoperative cognitive decline;
• •6. The patient has impaired hearing or impaired vision;
• •7. Suffering from severe systemic underlying diseases (e.g. cardiac insufficiency, malignant arrhythmia, malignant hypertension, hepatic failure, renal failure, etc.);
• •8. The patient is in chronic pain;
• •9. The patient is severely malnourished;
• •10. Patients with stage 3 or 4 malignant tumors, pancreatic cancer, allbladder cancer, cholangiocarcinoma and other tumors with high malignancy and poor prognosis.
• •11. history of allergy to or contraindication to esketamine;
• •12. inability or unwillingness to complete questionnaires or clinical testing;
• •13. Unable or unwilling to use a postoperative intravenous analgesic pump.