Rapid Diagnostic Technology for AUGIB Based on Analysis of VOCs in Exhaled Breath

Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB) is a common emergency with an annual incidence of 100-180/100,000 and mortality of 2%-15%. Endoscopy, the gold standard, is invasive and equipment-dependent, limiting its use in primary care or emergencies. Exhaled breath VOCs analysis, a non-invasive and portable method, has been applied in other diseases but not yet explored for AUGIB. Objectives: 1. Identify characteristic VOC profiles in exhaled breath of AUGIB patients. 2. Develop a VOC-based predictive model with sensitivity and specificity ≥0.7. 3. Establish rapid diagnostic criteria to enhance clinical decision-making.