Diabetes, Insulin Resistance and Body Composition

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Presence of other severe metabolic diseases, such as liver failure or kidney failure.
• •2. Use of medications affecting muscle mass (e.g., glucocorticoids) for more than three months.
• •3. History of malignancy or ongoing treatment for cancer.
• •4. Missing critical research data (e.g., diabetes duration or HbA1c levels).
• •5. History of surgeries causing significant body composition changes (e.g., bariatric surgery).