Single-port Robotic Transanal Total Mesorectal Excision

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. T3 tumour with margins less than 1 mm to the mesorectal fascia or T4 tumour, determined by MRI-scan (staged after (chemo)radiotherapy if applicable) ;
• •2. The anal sphincter complex or levator anal muscle is involved;
• •3. Previous prostate or rectal surgery (excluding local excision) ;
• •4. Emergency surgery was performed due to complications of a rectal tumor;
• •5. Malignancy other than adenocarcinoma at histological examination;
• •6. Pregnancy;
• •7. Signs of acute intestinal obstruction;
• •8. Multiple colorectal tumours;
• •9. Familial Adenomatosis Polyposis Coli (FAP), Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC), active Crohn's disease or active ulcerative colitis;
• •10. Planned synchronous abdominal organ resections;
• •11. Other malignancies in medical history, except adequately treated basocellular carcinoma of the skin or in situ carcinoma of the cervix uteri;
• •12. Absolute contraindication to general anaesthesia or prolonged pneumoperitoneum, as severe cardiovascular or respiratory disease (ASA class \> III)