The goal of this study is to implement SDOH screening and referral models in 7 safety net NICUs, examining their potential to offset the effects of adverse SDOH for a highly vulnerable population at the earliest stages of life. The investigators propose a hybrid effectiveness-implementation stepped wedge cluster randomized trial using the Proctor Conceptual Model of Implementation Research. The investigators will follow a cohort of 882 mother-infant dyads longitudinally for 12 months after NICU discharge to examine family, maternal, and infant outcomes. Each site will participate in three phases: usual, experimental, and sustainment.
The study aims are to:
Aim 1: Examine the implementation of SDOH screening and referral models into the NICU (acceptability, feasibility, penetration, equity, and sustainability).
Aim 2: Examine the effectiveness and equity of SDOH screening and referral models in the NICU setting on parental receipt of community resources for unmet social needs 3 months post-NICU discharge.
Aim 3: Explore the effectiveness of SDOH screening and referral models in the NICU to improve (a) maternal mental health (depression) and (b) health and developmental outcomes of preterm infants (quality of life, growth, development, and respiratory disease) during the 12 months post-NICU discharge.
