The first developed atypical antipsychotic is clozapine. Its efficacy has been demonstrated in individuals with schizophrenia who have insufficient response to other antipsychotic therapies; nonetheless, its adverse effect profile is extensive. Among the antipsychotic medications now available, clozapine is not utilized as a first-line therapy because of major side effects such agranulocytosis. Increased salivation, sleepiness, weight gain, changes in blood pressure (sometimes an increase, sometimes a drop), elevated heart rate, dizziness, exhaustion, constipation, fever, and nocturnal enuresis are common adverse effects of clozapine usage.
