The Effect of Butanediol Ingestion on Skeletal Muscle Angiogenesis in Hypoxia

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Any kind of injury/pathology that is a contra-indication for hypoxic exposure and/or to perform high-intensity exercise, evaluated by a sport medical screening
• •2. Intake of any medication or nutritional supplement that is known to affect exercise or performance. Intake will be assessed during recruitment and the sport medical screening.
• •3. Intake of analgesics, anti-inflammatory agents, or supplementary anti-oxidants, within two weeks of study participation.
• •4. Recent residence or training under hypoxia; more than 7 days exposure to altitude \> 1500 m during the 3 months preceding the study.
• •5. Blood donation within 3 months of study participation.
• •6. Habitual smoking
• •7. Pre-existing, diagnosed psychiatric conditions or anxiety
• •8. Females that are pregnant or are planning to be pregnant before the end of the study (end of May 2024)
• •9. Depression or anxiety as assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory 25 (Appendix 2) and Beck Anxiety Inventory 26 (Appendix 3). Only a score in the range of 'normal ups and downs' (score 1-10) for depression or 'minimal anxiety' (score 0-7) for anxiety are tolerated.
• •10. History of addiction or excessive caffeine/alcohol consumption assessed by a questionnaire (Appendix 4).
• •11. Any other reason that might pose undue risk to the participant, or introduce bias into the study outcomes, at the discretion of the research team.