Lead Sponsor

The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Age

60 - No limit years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

•1. Age of at least 60 years
•2. Active sleep disturbance as indicated by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score exceeding 5 and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) score greater than 7 at screening
•3. No prior experience of mind-body exercises (i.e., TC, Qigong, or yoga, etc.) and regular moderate-intensity exercise (i.e., above three times per week and 30 minutes per session) in the past 6 months
•4. Provide written informed consent

•1. Cognitive impairment as determined by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment scored less than 22
•2. Major confounding conditions known to induce sleep perturbations, such as psychiatric disorders or chronic pain disorder
•3. History of head injury or epilepsy, intracranial implant, cardiac pacemaker, or any other contraindication to rTMS
•4. Obvious physical disability that precluded participant in the interventions

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