EUS-Gallbladder vs CDS as First Line in MBDO- Palliative (CARPEGIEM Trial)

Ecoendoscopy-guided choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CDS) with a biliary lumen-apposing metal stent (LAMS) has been widely accepted as a second line treatment in cases of ERCP failure in malignant distal biliary obstruction (MDBO). Recent studies (DRAMBO and ELEMENT trial) compared EUS-CDS vs ERCP as a first line treatment in MDBO in palliative patients, showing similar clinical and techinal success and adverse events rate between both techniques, demonstrating that both procedures could be options for primary biliary drainage in unresectable MDBO. Furthermore a recent clinical trial (BAMPI trial) has proven that the addition of a coaxial double pigtail (DPS) offers benefits in terms of safey and clinical success. In the last years there has been an increasing interest for the EUS-guided gallblader drainage (EUS-GBD) in unresectable MDBO as an alternative for EUS-CDS, and recent studies and reviews have been reported with acceptable techinal and clinical success, but no clinical trial has been performed up to date. Our hypothesis is that EUS-GBD may offer benefits in terms of safety over EUS-CDS, maintaining similar clinical and techinal success rates.