Refining Treatment Options for Trichomonas Vaginalis Infection: A Comparative Analysis of Metronidazole and Secnidazole

This is a multi-centered, randomized, open-label, parallel, phase IV clinical trial comparing the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of oral multi-dose metronidazole (MTZ) and oral single-dose secnidazole (SEC) for the treatment of Trichomonas vaginalis in both women and men. The goal is to refine T. vaginalis treatment for women and men by examining the effectiveness (Aim 1) and cost-effectiveness (Aim 2) of multi-dose oral MTZ versus single-dose oral SEC. The investigators have several secondary analyses for Aim 1 including to examine if bacterial vaginosis (BV) interferes with T. vaginalis treatment, to explore preferences for follow-up visits, and to examine the natural history of T. vaginalis infection in both sexes. If single-dose oral SEC is found to be superior to multi-dose oral MTZ, this could potentially result in an estimated 280,000 people in the U.S./year receiving better care, having fewer adverse sexual and reproductive health outcomes, and having a reduced risk for HIV acquisition. It will also provide patients with a single-dose oral treatment option that will be particularly attractive for subjects with concomitant T. vaginalis and BV.