1\. Inclusion criteria: Patients aged 18 years or older, diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and healthy controls (who underwent cataract surgery).
2\. Exclusion criteria:
1. Other Ocular Diseases: Patients with concurrent ocular diseases such as macular degeneration, retinal detachment, etc., are excluded.
2. Ocular Surgery History: individuals who have undergone intraocular or laser surgery within the past 6 months, except for uncomplicated cataract surgery.
3. History of Ocular Trauma or Inflammation
4. Systemic Diseases or Mental Disorders: Patients with systemic diseases(e.g., diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis) and those with mental disorders are excluded.
5. Pregnancy or Lactation: Females who are pregnant or lactating are excluded.
6. Presence of any retinal or optic nerve disease other than glaucoma.
