Multifactorial Approach Training for Anterior Shoulder Instability in Patients Undergoing Arthroscopic Bankart Repair

This study will compare functional outcomes after an arthroscopic Bankart repair between patients that underwent conventional arthroscopic Bankart repair rehabilitation, following the American Society of Shoulder and Elbow Therapists guideline and patients that underwent 'multifactorial approach training', which focusses on decreasing kinesiophobia and fear of recurrent dislocations. The study population comprises patients who will undergo Arthroscopic Bankart Repair (ABR) after a traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation at Spaarne Gasthuis Haarlem/Hoofddorp, OLVG Amsterdam, Amstelland Ziekenhuis Amstelveen, Gelre Ziekenhuizen, Medisch Spectrum Twente, or Flevoziekenhuis Almere.

Background: Fear for (recurrent) dislocation is a frequently reported patient perception regarding the treatment of anterior shoulder instability and is associated with poor outcomes like decrease in quality of life and unsuccesful return to sport. There is lack of standard multifactorial aftercare of shoulder instability surgery incorporating the psychological component of the experiences trauma of patients with shoulder instability. Therefore, a newly developed Rehabilitation Protocol (REPRO) aims to reduce fear for dislocation in order to increase psychological readiness to return to sport. The aim of this study is to compare the effect on the psychological readiness to return to sport between our new Multifactorial Approach Training (MAT) and Conventional Arthroscopic Bankart Repair Rehabilitation (CABRR) in a single-blinded, multi-center randomized controlled trial. Methods: Patients, aged 18-67 years, with traumatic anterior shoulder instability, undergoing ABR will be included. Rehabilitation is started within 4 weeks following surgical treatment. Patients will be randomized to either the control group (A) or the MAT group (B). Group A will receive CABRR, according to the American Society of Shoulder and Elbow Therapists (ASSET) guidelines. Group B will receive MAT, following the REPRO. A total of 92 patients will be included, with 46 patients per study arm. Patients will be followed-up for 52 weeks. The primary outcome is change from baseline (surgical intervention; ABR) in Shoulder Instability Return to Sport Index (SIRSI) at 26 weeks postoperatively. Secondary outcomes include Oxford Shoulder Instability Score (OSIS), Subjective Shoulder Value (SSV), fear for dislocation measured with a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia in patients with Shoulder Instability (TSK-SI), World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire - BREF (WHOQoL-BREF), Return To Work (RTW), Return To Sports (RTS), shoulder pain measured with a NRS, , number of physiotherapy and outpatient clinic visits and patient satisfaction (VAS). At baseline and at 26 weeks postoperatively patients will undergo a task-based brain activity analysis using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) to determine functional cerebral changes after treatment. The MATASI trial is to be conducted between 2024 and 2026.