The Relationship Between NLR and PONV and ESPB

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Preoperative blood transfusion.
• •2. Uncontrolled systemic diseases.
• •3. Patients with known uncontrolled systemic inflammatory diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, or active infections).
• •4. Gastrointestinal system disorders.
• •5. History of antiemetic and anticholinergic drug use.
• •6. History of adverse reactions related to surgery, deformity correction surgeries, defined as procedures involving instrumentation across three or more levels or aimed at correcting scoliosis or kyphosis.
• •7. Severe spinal deformities.
• •8. Infection at the puncture site.
• •9. Coagulation disorders.
• •10. Long-term use of sedatives and analgesic drugs before surgery.
• •11. Patients with mental illness or communication barriers.
• •12. Allergic to ropivacaine.
• •13. Participants involved in other clinical studies within the past 3 months.
• •14. History of previous lumbar surgeries.
• •15. Subjective unwillingness to participate in this study.