Predictors of HFNC Failure in Patients With AHRF Using Echocardiography Parameters

Exclusion Criteria

• •Patients suffering from hypercapnic respiratory failure; OR
• •AHRF secondary to conditions that are indicated for non-invasive ventilation (NIV) (e.g. acute exacerbation of COPD, cardiogenic pulmonary edema); OR
• •Use of NIV or invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) prior to HFNC initiation; OR
• •Patients with imminent need for endotracheal intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV); OR
• •Patients with known or suspected diaphragm paralysis; OR
• •Pregnancy; OR
• •Patients with abdominal compartment syndrome; OR
• •Use of HFNC for more than 12 hours prior to ICU admission; OR
• •Patients with suboptimal echocardiographic image quality for data processing; OR