AI-Augmented Skin Cancer Diagnosis in Teledermatoscopy

Deep-learning algorithms can potentially benefit many areas in healthcare, including the diagnosis of skin cancer using teledermatoscopy. However, there is a dearth of clinical, prospective research on human-AI interaction in diagnostic tasks that take human factors into account. In this study we will examine the impact of such factors in a real-world setting where we integrate an algorithm in an existing teledermatoscopy platform that is used clinically at a tertiary hospital in Sweden. We will investigate what impact various implementations of AI tool output in relation to human factors have on diagnostic accuracy and management decisions. Study subjects are recruited at the Department of Dermatology at Karolinska University Hospital and will be asked to rate prospective teledermatoscopic consults with and without AI-support. Each consult will be randomized into one of three workflows with or without one pre-defined implementation of the AI tool. Study subjects are also asked to complete two surveys with demographic information and questions relating to various human factors. Patients participating in the study will be diagnosed outside the study prior to inclusion without any involvement of an AI tool, notably by two experienced dermatologists who do not participate as study subjects.