Age

0–55

Sex

ALL

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

Infants with gastroschisis, giant omphalocele, intestinal atresia, mid-gut volvulus, hirschsprungs disease.

1. Infant has already been on feeds
2. Infants \<34 weeks gestation
3. Parents with contraindications to providing milk (i.e. drug use-cocaine, fentanyl, meth BUT oxy/suboxone/marijuana OK)
4. Complicated gastroschisis
5. Short gut syndrome
6. Additional congenital anomalies that affect ability to tolerate milk (i.e. cyanotic congenital heart disease BUT kidney disease ok)

The Influence of Feeding Source on the Gut Microbiome and Time to Full Feeds in Neonates With Congenital Gastrointestinal Pathologies