Primary objective:
Describe the relationship between the systemic immunologic response and the persistence and replication competence of mpox virus at rash lesions, in blood, and at mucosal sites over the course of mpox illness among patients with advanced HIV.
Secondary objectives:
* Describe the association between clinical outcomes and virologic and immunologic parameters among patients with severe mpox and advanced HIV.
* Survey for emergence of antiviral drug resistance among MPXV isolates collected over time during mpox illness among patients with advanced HIV.
* Characterize the effects of antivirals to treat mpox and/or HIV infection on virologic and immunologic parameters among patients with mpox and advanced HIV.
* Assess persistence and replication competence of mpox virus in the oropharynx and rectum over the course of mpox illness among patients with advanced HIV.
