Correlation Between Gut Microbiota and Clinical Response to CAR-T Treatment for Hematological Malignancies

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has shown impressive efficacy in hematological malignancies. However, response rates and associated immune-related adverse effects widely vary among patients. And no biomarkers have been identified to predict the efficacy and associated toxicities after CAR-T therapy in patients. Several preclinical experiments and clinical studies have shown that gut microbiota was associated with the efficacy of T cell-driven cancer immunotherapies and their toxicities. In hematologic malignancies, gut microbiota was associated with the development of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). However, the potential correlation between gut microbiota and the effificacy and toxicity of CAR-T therapy is unclear. Therefore, in this study, we aim to evaluate the correlation between gut microbiota and clinical response to CAR-T treatment for hematological malignancies.