Conservative Therapies in the Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorders

Exclusion Criteria

• •Congenital problems affecting the TMJ and/or orofacial and cervical region of the skull;
• •Neoplastic conditions;
• •History of recent trauma to the orofacial/cervical region of the skull;
• •Previous use of any type of TMD treatment plate;
• •Current use of functional orthopedic appliances or fixed and/or removable orthodontic appliances;
• •Cleft lip and/or palate syndromes;
• •Psychiatric disorders;
• •Severe cardiac problems;
• •A severely poor dental condition such as periodontitis and/or indication for endodontic treatment;
• •Those using topical or systemic photosensitizing drugs;
• •Pregnant women;
• •Dermatological diseases in the region where irradiation will be performed;
• •Patients with impaired cognitive ability;
• •History of head trauma related to the etiology of orofacial pain;
• •Migraine or intracranial disorders;
• •Who used medications in the last 3 months that may interfere with the effect of therapies, such as relaxants, anticonvulsants and who used medications to treat TMD or muscular pain;
• •Who had other causes of orofacial pain, such as caries, neuropathies and fibromyalgia;
• •Who had phobia about needles or bleeding disorders;
• •Patients who are unable to attend the clinic during the prescribed treatment period;
• •Patient who insists on a specific treatment (e.g. occlusal adjustments, medication);
• •Presence of removable full or partial dentures with distal extension.