Digital Remote Home Monitoring for Heart Failure

Background/Rationale: Guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) is a cornerstone of the management of individuals with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Patients on optimal heart failure pharmacotherapy experience higher survival rates and fewer heart failure hospitalizations compared with subjects not on these medications \[1,2\]. Furthermore, optimal compliance with these treatments among patients with heart failure is associated with fewer have fewer emergency department visits, fewer hospital admissions, shorter lengths of hospital stay, and lower risk of death \[3,4\]. Despite very strong evidence for these treatments, a substantial proportion of eligible subjects with HFrEF are not on GDMT at optimal dosages. Data from the CHAMP-HF registry demonstrate that fewer than one in four HFrEF subjects are on all three of GDMT medications - beta-blockers; angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi)/angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), or angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI); and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) - and only 1% were receiving target doses of all three medications \[4\]. Published data for both UT-Southwestern and Parkland Health System have demonstrated that rates of GDMT are above national averages but remain suboptimal with significant room for improvement. Successful interventions to increase the number of subjects of prescribed GDMT at optimal doses often have included multidisciplinary heart failure clinics that include advanced practice providers and/or pharmacists with frequent visits \[5,6\]. However, such strategies are resource-intensive and are not widely applicable to heart failure management outside of specialized heart failure clinics. Health systems, such as Parkland Health System and UT-Southwestern, have also considered and purchased remote home monitoring programs for patients with systolic heart failure to try to improve prescription rates of GDMT. However, few studies have evaluated the impact of remote home monitoring on rates of GDMT in highly diverse patient populations or patients with increased socioeconomic risk. As such, there is a crucial unmet need to implement highly effective GDMT titration strategies in heart failure populations with increased socioeconomic risk and the effects of remote monitoring systems to improve GDMT are not well known. To address this gap in knowledge, we will leverage the large, multiethnic heart failure populations followed in two health systems, UT-Southwestern and Parkland Health System. Using these racially and ethnically diverse patient populations, we will test our central hypothesis that the AHA Digital Platform will improve outcomes in patients with HFrEF by managing the initiation and titration of heart failure GDMT in comparison with clinical care. The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the remote monitoring AHA Digital Platform to improve initiation and titration of GDMT in addition to traditional clinical encounters. The effective comparison will be to the current standard of care for heart failure used in the respective clinical sites. The AHA Digital platform integrates data from remote wireless vital signs collection devices and an investigational wearable health device to recommend optimal titration of GDMT in subjects with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) subjects or HFrEF subjects on suboptimal doses of GDMT. The platform uses a proprietary algorithm to interpret the remote vitals data collected and presents titration recommendations back to the healthcare provider (HCP) via a HCP mobile App for subjects randomized to the Intervention Arm at his/her site. Vitals data and relevant HF educational materials are simultaneously presented to the subject via a Patient App. Data from an investigational wearable health device is also provided to both the HCP and subject, however no care decisions are made with the data from this device. The HCP is also alerted to changes in status of the respective participating trial subjects via the HCP App and can see aggregated information and further visualize the status of all subjects enrolled in his/her center via an online web portal. Hypothesis We hypothesize that use of the AHA Digital Solution in a real-world, multi-site, randomized, outpatient study will improve rates and does of optimal Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy (GDMT) for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.