A Digital Tongue Diagnosis Model for High- and Low-risk Esophagogastroduodenal Varices in Cirrhosis

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Patients who have previously undergone endoscopic treatment for esophageal or gastric varices, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), splenectomy, hepatectomy, balloon occlusion of the portal vein, or liver transplantation;
• •2. Patients with grade 2-3 ascites or overt hepatic encephalopathy;
• •3. Patients with a history of portal venous system thrombosis (including the portal vein, splenic vein, superior mesenteric vein, etc.) or portal venous cavernous transformation, and who have been diagnosed with thrombosis within the past two weeks;
• •4. Patients diagnosed with or suspected of having primary liver cancer or other advanced malignant tumors;
• •5. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and right heart failure;
• •6. Male and female patients with moderate anemia (hemoglobin \<70 g/L);
• •7. Patients with poorly controlled diabetes or microvascular complications;
• •8. Patients with poorly controlled hypertension;
• •9. Patients with hematological disorders such as polycythemia vera;
• •10. Patients with local oral lesions affecting sublingual venous blood flow, such as Ludwig's angina, Lemierre syndrome, or complications following certain oral surgeries (e.g., scar contracture or hematoma after tongue or floor of mouth surgery);
• •11. Patients with sublingual venous varicosities;
• •12. Patients who have experienced other severe systemic infections within the past 2 weeks prior to enrollment;
• •13. Pregnant women and peripartum women;
• •14. Patients with mental disorders;
• •15. Patients with incomplete medical records;
• •16. Patients unable to cooperate in completing the clinical study;
• •17. Other reasons deemed unsuitable for participation by the investigator.