Lead Sponsor

ZHANG Bohan

Age

18 - No limit years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

No

•1. first-episode stroke, as confirmed by brain CT or MRI;
•2. diagnosis of dysphagia after stroke according to the Toronto Bedside Swallowing Screening Test (TOR-BSST);
•3. age between 18 and 80 years;
•4. no significant cognitive impairment, able to execute instructions correctly, and with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≥ 24;
•5. clear consciousness as assessed by the National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS).

•1. dysphagia caused by structural lesions (eg, radiotherapy, previous extensive surgery of the head and neck region such as laryngectomy and cordectomy);
•2. combined with serious heart, lung, liver, kidney diseases, and hematological disorders;
•3. limb deficiency or paralysis, blindness in both eyes, severe visual impairments;
•4. motion sickness or vestibular dysfunction;
•5. history of epilepsy, malignancy or other neurological diseases;
•6. pregnancy or breastfeeding.