Acupuncture for Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Scheduled open cholecystectomy - excluded due to increased levels of pain in open procedures
• •2. Renal dysfunction (Serum Cr \> 1.2) - excluded due to potential altered metabolism of anesthetic and perioperative medications
• •3. Allergy to any of the standard anesthetic agents
• •4. Patient inability to properly communicate with investigators (language barrier, dementia, delirium, psychiatric disorder)
• •5. Patient or surgeon refusal