The Effect of Preoperative Walking Exercises on the Prognosis of Supratentorial Brain Tumours Patients After Craniotomy

Exclusion Criteria

• •The patient with a substantial brain tumor who is significantly susceptible to tumor stroke or brain herniation.
• •Patients with a clinical diagnosis of cerebral haemorrhage or intracranial infection or epilepsy.
• •Patients with acute or unstable heart disease (e.g. unstable angina or severe aortic stenosis).
• •Patients with a physical status of Grade 3, 4 or 5 according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists classification.
• •Patients with disabling orthopaedic or neuromuscular conditions.
• •Patients with a history of clinically diagnosed cognitive impairment, such as dementia and mental retardation.
• •Patients with a current or previous diagnosis of significant mental illness, chronic neurological disease or active substance abuse (as per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition).
• •Patients with heart failure (New York Heart Association Class 3 or Class 4 functional class).
• •Patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (exertional expiratory volume in the first second of exhalation \< 50% of predicted value).
• •Patients with anaemia (symptomatic or haematocrit \< 30%).
• •Patients who have participated in other trials 1 month before or during the trial.
• •Patients who are prohibited from exercising without face-to-face supervision as assessed by the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q) or as judged by the exercise physician based on the cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET).
• •Patients who are unable to cooperate during the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test due to impaired consciousness or mental impairment.
• •Patients with motor dysfunctions, such as hemiplegia.