The study will investigate the influence that frailty can have on cardiovascular risk in patients with COPD. The project will assess the association between frailty and all-cause mortality, and the relationship between frailty and cardiovascular mortality, by comparing COPD patients living with frailty vs non-frail COPD patients.
The study participants will be outpatients with diagnosis of COPD according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (GOLD) guidelines (www.goldcopd.org).
Frailty will be measured using the Clinical Frailty Scale (grades 1-9). Patients who are terminally ill (CFS = 9) will be excluded. Cognitive function will be explored using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test.
The follow up will be at 12 and 24 months.
