Low Carbohydrate Versus Mediterranean Diet in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes

Background and objective: Improved glycemic control of type 1 diabetes (T1DM), with low rates of adverse events was reported via an online community of children and adults who consume a of low carbohydrate diet (LCD). The investigators aim to compare the effects of a low carbohydrate diet (LCD) with those of a Mediterranean diet on glycemic control, lipid profile, bone metabolites and the microbiome profile in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Design A randomized, controlled trail. Families of adolescents in the Diabetes clinic in Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital will be approached and offered to participate in a dietary intervention study. After participants will sign the informed consent, they will randomly be assigned into 2 diet treatment groups, the LCD (n=20) and the Mediterranean diet (n=20). Baseline nutrition teaching session and training and will be conducted for all participants and their parents. Participants will attend visit with the dietician at baseline, 2, 4, 8,12 weeks and will be given a 3-day food dairy to complete twice in that period. Measurements of weight, height, blood pressure, HbA1c, Time in range, number of hypoglycemia, lipid profile, creatinine, bone metabolites will be measured at baseline and 12 and 24 weeks and gut bacteria profile at baseline and at 24 weeks. Personality, quality of life, and socioeconomic questionnaires will be given to children and their parents. Contribution of the suggested research: In this research the investigators are aiming to show that LCD is as good as Mediterranean diet with improved glycemic control, safe, and adherable for adolescent with T1D.