Neuromodulation and Neuroimaging in Older Children With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Exclusion Criteria

• •loss of consciousness \> 30 minutes
• •post-traumatic amnesia \> 24 hours
• •intracranial findings on clinical imaging
• •history of developmental delay
• •history of learning disability or ADHD
• •Sustained a lower limb or upper limb injury that has not healed
• •History of Seizures
• •Noticeable skin lesions/burns or any other severe skin problems at the site of the electrodes before the start of the stimulation.
• •Parent/guardian report metal implants anywhere in the head/ncek/body on the MRI screening form (see attached).
• •Parent/guardian report shrapnel/bullets in the body on the MRI screening form.
• •Parent/guardian report any electronic implant such as a cardiac pacemaker, cochlear implant, ventricular shunt, cardiac defibrillator, aneurysm clips, pacing wires, any implant held in place with a magnet, heart valve, or deep brain stimulator on the MRI screening form.
• •Parent/guardian report a craniotomy or any other surgery in the past 6 weeks on the MRI screening form.
• •Parent/guardian report being claustrophobic on the MRI screening form.
• •Parent/guardian report and provide orbit x-ray after the eye injury involving a metal that the subject is cleared as indicated on the MRI screening form.
• •Pregnant females as reported by parent/guardian on the pre-consent screening form. Pubertal/post-pubertal female participants14 and above will be provided a separate post-consent screening form at each MRI visit to ensure the female reports accurately without fear.
• •Healthy Controls Cohort:
• •diagnosed with developmental delay
• •sustained a lower limb or upper limb injury that has not healed
• •history of Learning Disability and/or ADHD
• •Parent/guardian report metal implants anywhere in the head/ncek/body on the MRI screening form (see attached).
• •Parent/guardian report shrapnel/bullets in the body on the MRI screening form.
• •Parent/guardian report any electronic implant such as a cardiac pacemaker, cochlear implant, ventricular shunt, cardiac defibrillator, aneurysm clips, pacing wires, any implant held in place with a magnet, heart valve, or deep brain stimulator on the MRI screening form.
• •Parent/guardian report a craniotomy or any other surgery in the past 6 weeks on the MRI screening form.
• •Parent/guardian report being claustrophobic on the MRI screening form.
• •Parent/guardian report and provide orbit x-ray after the eye injury involving a metal that the subject is cleared as indicated on the MRI screening form.
• •Pregnant females as reported by parent/guardian on the pre-consent screening form. Post-pubertal females 14 and above will be provided a separate post-consent screening form at each MRI visit to ensure the female reports accurately without fear.