Self-help Forest Bathing (Shinrin-yoku) on Depression, Anxiety, and Stress

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Received psychotherapy for depression, anxiety and stress in the past 6 months;
• •2. A change in psychotropic drugs or over-the-counter medications that target depression, anxiety, and stress within 2 weeks before the baseline assessment.
• •3. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) item 9 score \> 2, indicating a moderate level of suicidal risk that requires active crisis management (referral information to professional mental health services will be provided);
• •4. Currently participating in another intervention study that may potentially affect mental health;
• •5. Self-disclosure of having unsafe health conditions for which physical activity was contraindicated by physicians;
• •6. Self-disclosure of any psychiatric, medical, or neurocognitive disorder(s) that makes participation unfeasible;
• •7. Pregnancy;
• •8. Hospitalization.