A Study to Learn More About the Health of Persons With Down Syndrome After Treatment for Acute Leukemia

Patients age \>= 6 and \< 40 years at the time of enrollment

A diagnosis of Down syndrome is required, and may include any of the three recognized types: trisomy 21 resulting from chromosomal nondisjunction (most common), translocation (the patient has 46 chromosomes, but all or part of an additional copy of chromosome 21 is attached to another chromosome), or mosaicism (trisomy 21 that is present in only a fraction of cells)

All patients must be DS-AL survivors (acute lymphoblastic leukemia \[ALL\] or acute myeloid leukemia \[AML\])

* Note 1: Myeloid leukemia of Down syndrome (ML-DS) is included in the AML category above. Per the World Health Organization (WHO) definition of ML-DS, this diagnosis encompasses both myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and overt AML. Also, note that survivors of relapsed disease are eligible, so long as the patient otherwise meets eligibility criteria, i.e., treatment for relapse was completed at least 36 calendar months prior to enrollment and did not include stem cell transplant

* Note 2: A diagnosis of transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM), also known as transient myeloproliferative disease (TMD), is not alone sufficient for inclusion in this study

Patients must have been treated for ALL or AML

* Note: History of COG therapeutic trial participation is not required. As a reminder ML-DS would be included under the AML category here above

All cancer treatment (oral or intravenous) must have been completed at least 36 calendar months prior to enrollment

Patients must have a life expectancy of \> 1 year

Patient and parent of subject must be either English or Spanish speaking. At least one parent or guardian must be able to read and write in English or Spanish

* Note: Parents or guardians are responsible for completing all questionnaires, even in the case of subjects that are \>= 18 years old

All patients and/or their parents or legal guardians must sign a written informed consent

All institutional, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and National Cancer Institute (NCI) requirements for human studies must be met

What this study is about