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Methodologies for Observational Studies Comparing Inpatient COVID-19 Treatments | Clinical Trials | Clareo Health

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Methodologies for Observational Studies Comparing Inpatient COVID-19 Treatments

Methodologies for Observational Studies Comparing Inpatient COVID-19 Treatments: IL-6 Receptor Inhibitors and JAK Inhibitors for Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients Receiving Corticosteroid Therapy

NCT05638932•Aetion, Inc.

View on ClinicalTrials.gov

Summary

To apply and compare two different methodological approaches (one applying diagnostics steps and contingencies and the other not) to the illustrative example described below: Illustrative Example - Objective I aims to characterize the risk of inpatient mortality \[Primary Outcome\] and progression to invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) \[Secondary Outcome\] up to 28 days after interleukin-6 receptor inhibitors (IL6Ri) or janus kinase inhibitor (JAKi) initiation among patients hospitalized with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) who initiate a corticosteroid of interest and require supplemental oxygen / non-invasive ventilation / high flow oxygen (O2/NIV/HFO) (but not IMV/ECMO). Illustrative Example - Objective II aims to characterize the risk of inpatient mortality \[Primary Outcome\] up to 28 days after IL6Ri or JAKi initiation among patients admitted to the ICU at hospital admission with COVID-19 who initiate a CSI and require IMV/ECMO. Hazard ratios (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) will be estimated and reported for all outcome risks in Illustrative Example objectives.

Detailed Description

In this study we seek to evaluate current methodologies for observational comparative studies of inpatient COVID-19 treatments \[Overall Study Objective\]. To support this overall study objective, we have defined additional supporting objectives related to the research process \[Process Objectives\] as applied to an illustrative example of an observational study to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of inpatient COVID-19 treatments \[Illustrative Example\]. Process Objectives: Characterize differences in study results when an intentional multiphase approach (IMA) to diagnostics and contingencies is applied to real world data (RWD) analysis compared to an approach that pre-specifies all covariates and statistical approaches without consideration of whether key statistical assumptions hold (Single-phase Prespecification Approach, SPA). Illustrative Example: Our illustrative example will use a large population-based US claims data source to emulate a hypothetical target trial to assess the comparative effectiveness of IL6Ri (TCZ or SAR) versus JAKi (BAR or TOF) added to systemic corticosteroids of interest (CSI). The underlying hypothetical target trial of interest consists of patients hospitalized and requiring respiratory support for COVID-19 and receiving a CSI who are assigned to receive either an IL6Ri or JAKi in addition to CSI within 4 days after hospital/ICU admission. The patients are followed for up to 28 days for the outcomes of inpatient mortality and progression to IMV/ECMO. The Illustrative Example is separated into two sub-objectives based on the different COVID-19 severity populations of interest. Illustrative Example - Objective I aims to characterize the risk of inpatient mortality \[Primary Outcome\] and progression to IMV or ECMO \[Secondary Outcome\] up to 28 days after IL6Ri or JAKi initiation among patients hospitalized with COVID-19 who initiate a CSI and require supplemental O2/NIV/HFO (but not IMV/ECMO). Illustrative Example - Objective II aims to characterize the risk of inpatient mortality \[Primary Outcome\] up to 28 days after IL6Ri or JAKi initiation among patients admitted to the ICU at hospital admission with COVID-19 who initiate a CSI and require IMV/ECMO. Hazard ratios (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) will be estimated and reported for all outcome risks in Illustrative Example objectives.

Eligibility

Age

18 - No limit years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion Criteria

•Hospitalized from June 16, 2020 to February 01, 2022 with an international classification of diseases (ICD)-10 diagnosis code of U07.1 in an any admitting diagnosis position (Day 0)
•Initiate either IL6Ri or JAKi within 4 days after hospital admission (Days 0 to 4)
•Receiving systemic CSI on day of IL6Ri/JAKi initiation (Day T)
•Receipt of at least one respiratory support procedure (oxygen supplementation at a minimum) from admission to IL6Ri/JAKi initiation (Days 0 to T)
•For Illustrative Example - Objective I only:
•maximum modified World Health Organization (mWHO) disease severity of O2/NIV/HFO from admission to IL6Ri/JAKi initiation (Days 0 to T)
•For Illustrative Example - Objective II only:
•Admission to ICU at hospital admission (Day 0) and mWHO disease severity of IMV/ECMO from hospital/ICU admission to IL6Ri/JAKi initiation (Days 0 to T)
•Continuous medical claims enrollment (60-day gaps permitted) during the 183 day baseline period prior to and including hospital or ICU admission (Days -183 to 0) to minimize the potential for misclassification of baseline covariates

Exclusion Criteria

•Exclude patients without continuous medical claims enrollment (60-day gaps permitted) during the 183-day baseline period prior to and including hospital/ICU admission (Days -183 to 0) to minimize the potential for misclassification of baseline covariates.
•Exclude patients if COVID-19 hospitalization (Day 0) begins \>14 days after initial COVID-19 diagnosis. Patients will be excluded if any COVID-19 diagnosis is recorded from 90 days to 15 days before admission (Days -90 to -15) to exclude patients with possible long-term COVID or post-acute sequelae while still permitting prior infections recorded more than 90 days pre-admission.
•No age, sex, or geographic region recorded on hospital admission (Day 0)
•Age less than 18 years at hospital admission (Day 0)
•Evidence of a prior COVID-related inpatient hospitalization in the previous 14 days (Days -14 to -3), with a two-day buffer to permit brief inpatient utilization directly proceeding transfer to a chargemaster hospital (i.e., inpatient utilization permitted on Days -2 to -1)
•Systemic CSI use (dispensing or remaining supply) in the previous 14 days (Days -14 to -3), with a two-day buffer to permit CSI use beginning in the emergency department or other healthcare setting immediately prior to chargemaster hospital admission (CSI use permitted Days -2 to -1)
•Any recorded use of IL6Ri or JAKi (dispensing or remaining supply) in the 90-day washout period before IL6Ri or JAKi initiation (Days -90 to T-1), to satisfy new use definition
•Baseline receipt of oxygen or ventilation support for non-COVID conditions (e.g., supplemental oxygen for COPD), defined as two or more respiratory support procedures recorded on different days from Days -90 to -15 via procedure codes from medical claims, chargemaster, and where available, oxygen supplies recorded in pharmacy settings.
•Death or discharge occurs before or on the day of treatment initiation (Days 0 to T)
•Recorded use of both IL6Ri and JAKi on Day T

Locations (1)

Aetion, Inc.

New York, New York, United States

Key Dates

Start Date

June 16, 2020

Primary Completion Date

September 25, 2023

Completion Date

September 25, 2023

Last Updated

September 19, 2024

Enrollment

1,442

ACTUAL participants

Conditions

COVID-19

Interventions

Initiation of IL6Ri (tocilizumab or sarilumab) versus JAKi (baricitinib or tofacitinib) added to systemic corticosteroids of interest (CSI)

DRUG

Improving Post COVID-19 Syndrome With Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatments

NCT06082518

Post COVID-19 ConditionPost-COVID-19 Syndrome+4 more

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RECRUITINGPHASE1

A Safety and Immunogenicity Trial of Boost-2867 Vaccine, Via Intranasal and Intramuscular Routes

NCT07221162

COVID-19

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Data Source & Attribution

This clinical trial information is sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov, a service of the U.S. National Institutes of Health.

ClinicalTrials.gov last update: September 19, 2024Data synced to Clareo: March 29, 2026

Modifications: This data has been reformatted for display purposes. Eligibility criteria have been parsed into inclusion/exclusion sections. Location data has been geocoded to enable distance-based search. For the authoritative and most current information, please visit ClinicalTrials.gov.

Neither the United States Government nor Clareo Health make any warranties regarding the data. Check ClinicalTrials.gov frequently for updates.

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Methodologies for Observational Studies Comparing Inpatient COVID-19 Treatments

Inclusion Criteria

Exclusion Criteria

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