the Effect of Aerobic Training on Insulin Sensitivity on Diabetic Patients During Tobacco Cessation

Diabetes is a complex, chronic illness requiring continuous medical care with multifactorial risk-reduction strategies beyond glycemic control. Ongoing diabetes self-management education and support are critical to preventing acute complications and reducing the risk of long-term complications. Nowadays, the harmful effect of smoking is no secret to anyone, unfortunately it is still causes the loss of lives for many adults and young peoples. The Ministry of Health (MOH) seeks to control it and help smokers to quit to save their lives and protect them against smoking-caused diseases such as smoking slows down lung growth in children and teens, increases a person's risk of getting tuberculosis, increases the risk of developing type2 diabetes, also most of COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) deaths are a result of smoking. The term "smoking" is not restricted to cigarette smoking only, but includes e-cigarette, shisha and others. Although cigarette smoking is the leading avoidable cause of death, its specific effects on people with diabetes are even more intricate and profound, thus the macrovascular and microvascular complications become more quickly in smokers with diabetes, and risk of mortality increases. The increased blood pressure and altered lipid profiles in smokers with diabetes could encourage development of the insulin resistance syndrome, setting patients up for further cardiovascular problems. One of the biggest problems for most patients undergoing a cessation program is the fear of withdrawal symptoms, including cravings, anxiety, depression, irritability, sleep disturbances, increased hunger and weight gain. Aerobic exercise program for type 2 diabetic has showed great effects not only on glycemic control, blood lipid profiles profile, but also on reducing metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular diseases including insulin resistance. Previous studies have showed the effects of moderate-intensity exercise on the improvement of insulin sensitivity.