Development of an Informed Consent Statement Which Communicates the Risk of Adverse Events Associated With Dry Needling

You may be eligible if

• Participants must be 18 years old or above and be able to read/write in English Participants must provide informed consent Participants must meet the criteria of one of the previously defined cohort groups used in the study
• Dry Needling Experts
• (1) Must have \>= 5 years of clinical practice performing dry needling and at least ONE of the following secondary criteria:
• 1. Certification in Dry Needling
• 2. Completion of a manual therapy fellowship that included dry needling training
• 3. \>= 1 total scholarly product (poster presentation, author of a peer-reviewed publication) involving the use of dry needling
• Legal Expert
• An individual who is an attorney and who has had training in health law as evidenced by at least ONE of the following criteria:
• 1. Training in health law as evidenced by ONE of the following:
• 1. Concentration/Certification in Health Law
• 2. L.L.M in health or medical law
• 3. SJD in health law
• 2. Experience in litigating medical malpractice cases involving failure to obtain informed consent
• 3. Published scholarship on informed consent in an academic journal (\>= 1) Policy Expert
• An individual who has a degree in bioethics with at least ONE of the following criteria:
• 1. \>= 5 years of experience in obtaining informed consent or an advanced graduate degree in bioethics
• 2. Has served on ethics related committee in a healthcare institution or healthcare society/professional association
• 3. Is or has been a member of a state licensing board
• Patient Must have participated in \>= 1 session of dry needling treatment and not be a healthcare provider