Broccoli Effect on Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c)

Exclusion Criteria

• •The participant will not be able to take part if they('re):
• •Screening test results indicate they are not suitable to take part in this study such as HbA1c level at screening visit of \< 42 mmol/mol (healthy) and \> 47 mmol/mol (diabetes) and BMI at screening visit \< 18.5 kg/m2 (underweight) and \> 35 kg/m2 (extremely obese).
• •Have a known allergy to any of the components (broccoli, courgette, milk, lactose, or gluten) of the test soups.
• •Have been diagnosed or have a history of blood or clotting disorders such as anaemia or thrombosis.
• •Have been treated for heart disease, cancer, or diabetes.
• •Are immunocompromised due to medications or viral infection such human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
• •Have low or high blood pressure with hypertension medication (≤90/60, ≥160/100 respectively would be classed as abnormal).
• •Have any acute or chronic illnesses that affects the outcome of the study such as a gastrointestinal disorder. This will be assessed on a case by case basis by QI medical advisor.
• •Plan to become pregnant during the study duration, pregnant or breastfeeding.
• •Frequently take medications that may interfere with sugar metabolism or absorption such as laxatives, steroids, dietary supplements, or anti-inflammatory medications. This will be assessed on a case by case basis by QI medical advisor.
• •Drink more than 14 alcohol units/week.
• •Smoke socially or on occasion more than 12.5 grams or 20 cigarettes/week
• •Vegan or any dietary restrictions that prevent the consumption of study soups or follow a diet programme which requires fasting for multiple days.
• •Are a registered blood donor and have donated a large quantity of blood within the last 16 weeks. Registered blood donors should abstain from blood donations for the duration of the study.
• •Are unable to give written or verbal informed consent
• •Unable to provide GP contact details.
• •Are participating in another dietary intervention study nor given blood in another dietary study in the last 3 months.
• •Are related to or living with any member of the study team or part of the management/supervisory structure of the Chief Investigator.
• •Have symptoms of COVID-19, been asked to self-isolate, or have been diagnosed with COVID-19 in the last 14 days.