The Effect of Vitamin C and E Therapy on Restless Leg Syndrome in Patients With End Stage Renal Disease on Haemodialysis

Exclusion Criteria

• •Secondary causes of RLS Medications (list included in section C below) iron deficiency or peripheral neuropathy
• •Presence of RLS-mimicking disorders:
• •1. Arthritis
• •2. Deep venous thrombosis
• •3. Varicose veins or venous insufficiency
• •4. Habitual foot tapping
• •Patients receiving medications that could trigger RLS:
• •1. Anticonvulsants, e.g., new use of anticonvulsant drugs within6 months of screening. A stable regimen of anticonvulsants was allowed.
• •2. Antipsychotics (haloperidol or phenothiazine derivatives)
• •3. Antidepressants (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors or tricyclic antidepressants)
• •4. Antimanic (lithium)
• •Patients on medications or with conditions that may interfere with vitamin C \& E absorption:
• •1. Celiac disease
• •2. Crohn's disease
• •3. Chronic pancreatitis
• •4. Cystic fibrosis
• •5. Weight-reduction drugs
• •6. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy
• •Patients with contraindications for vitamin C \& E supplements:
• •1. Blood disorders, e.g., thalassemia, G6PD, sickle cell disease and hemochromatosis
• •2. Other conditions like diabetic patients, oxalate nephropathy, nephrolithiasis and vitamin E or C allergy
• •3. Unstable vital signs
• •4. Retinal eye disease
• •5. Cancers
• •6. Liver disease
• •7. Vitamin K deficiency
• •For women only:
• •1. Pregnancy (positive pregnancy test at screening)
• •2. Currently breastfeeding
• •3. Use of oral contraceptives or start of menopausal hormone therapy within 3 months of baseline
• •History of vitamin E or C intolerance