Age

18–55

Sex

ALL

Healthy volunteers

Accepted

General health based on medical history and physical examination
Psychiatric health based on structured clinical interview for DSM-5 (SCID) for healthy controls
Major depressive episode (first or recurrent) based on structured clinical interview for DSM-5 and ICD-10 for patients
Age 18 to 55 years
Right-handedness (due to potential lateralization effects of lefthanded subjects)
Willingness and competence to sign the informed consent form

Current or history of neurological disease
Current medical illness requiring treatment
Psychiatric diagnosis for healthy individuals
Psychiatric comorbidity with the exception of anxiety disorders for depressed individuals
Pregnancy or current breastfeeding
Current or former substance abuse
Previous ketamine use in lifetime
Any contraindication for MRI (e.g., MR incompatible implants, etc.) including dental implants causing signal artifacts
Failure to comply with the study protocol or to follow the instruction of the investigating team

The Effect of Ketamine on Aesthetics and Role for Antidepressant Effects