Diet and Exercise on Ambulatory Blood Pressure

Most guidelines recommend lifestyle modifications such as exercise or dietary programs for stage 1 hypertension or prehypertension, before initiation of antihypertensive drug treatment. Epidemiological and observational studies have shown that cardiovascular risk increases progressively from blood pressure levels as low as 115/75 mmHg and that patients with prehypertension or stage 1 hypertension are likely to progress to hypertension requiring medications. From a previous clinical trial, a 12-week aerobic exercise program reduced 24-hour and daytime ambulatory blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension. Aerobic exercise and DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet are currently recommended in subjects with prehypertension and stage 1 hypertension without a clear randomized, controlled clinical trial. The present trial, thus, seeks to evaluate the effect of dietary management and active aerobic exercise training, preferably moderate-intensity exercise, on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure.