Safety and Efficacy of Electromagnetic Navigation System Assisted Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Decompression

Inclusion Criteria

• •1. age≥18 and ≤80 years;
• •2. typical clinical symptoms and consistent imaging evidence of mono-radiculopathy LDH; or single level LSS combined with disc herniation
• •3. recalcitrant pain despite proper conservative therapy (including analgesics, NSAIDs, corticoids infusion under CT guidance and physical therapy) for at least 3 months before surgery and/or neurological deficit in the territory of the irritated nerve root
• •4. VAS pain ≥ 6/10
• •5. Absence of significant instability;