Dexmedetomidine Prevents Postoperative Delirium After Deep Brain Stimulation in Patients With Parkinson's Disease

Exclusion Criteria

• •preoperative severe cognitive impairment (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA\< 18)
• •history of psychoactive
• •allergic or intolerant to dexmedetomidine
• •severe bradycardia (heart rate lower than 40 beats/min) or sick sinus syndrome, second-degree or third-degree atrioventricular block
• •severe hepatic dysfunction (Child-Pugh class C)
• •severe renal dysfunction requiring renal replacement therapy before the surgery
• •medical records documented inability to communicate in the preoperative period due to language barrier or other situations.