A single-arm exploratory study was conducted in 20 patients with HER2-positive breast cancer to explore the effect of RC48 in HER2-positive neoadjuvant therapy (treatment regimen: RC482.0 mg/kg, intravenous drip, once every 2 weeks). After 4-6 cycles, surgery was performed to evaluate the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The latest reported data of T-DM1 in neoadjuvant therapy were compared to evaluate the non-inferiority of RC48.