A Study of the Drug Selinexor With Radiation Therapy in Patients With Newly-Diagnosed Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine (DIPG) Glioma and High-Grade Glioma (HGG)

Exclusion Criteria

• •* Patients need not have either measurable or evaluable disease, i.e., HGG patients may have complete resection of their tumor prior to enrollment. Primary spinal tumors are eligible for enrollment
• •STEP 1: Patients must have a performance status corresponding to Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scores of 0, 1 or 2. Use Karnofsky for patients \> 16 years of age and Lansky for patients =\<16 years of age. Patients who are unable to walk because of paralysis, but who are up in a wheelchair, will be considered ambulatory for the purpose of assessing the performance score.
• •STEP 1: Peripheral absolute neutrophil count (ANC) \>= 1000/uL (within 7 days prior to step 1 enrollment)
• •STEP 1: Platelet count \>= 100,000/uL (transfusion independent) (within 7 days prior to step 1 enrollment)
• •STEP 1: Hemoglobin \>= 8.0 g/dL (may receive red blood cell \[RBC\] transfusions) (within 7 days prior to step 1 enrollment)
• •STEP 1: Creatinine clearance or radioisotope glomerular filtration rate (GFR) \>= 70 mL/min/1.73 m\^2 (within 7 days prior to step 1 enrollment) or
• •A serum creatinine based on age/sex as follows (within 7 days prior to step 1 enrollment):
• •Age / Maximum Serum Creatinine (mg/dL)
• •* 1 to \< 2 years / male: 0.6; female: 0.6
• •* 2 to \< 6 years / male: 0.8; female: 0.8
• •* 6 to \< 10 years / male: 1; female: 1
• •* 10 to \< 13 years / male: 1.2; female: 1.2
• •* 13 to \< 16 years / male: 1.5; female: 1.4
• •* \>= 16 years / male: 1.7; female: 1.4
• •* STEP 1: Total bilirubin =\< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) for age
• •* STEP 1: Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) (alanine aminotransferase \[ALT\]) =\< 135 U/L. For the purpose of this study, the ULN for SGPT is 45 U/L.
• •* STEP 1: Serum amylase =\< 1.5 x ULN
• •* STEP 1: Serum lipase =\< 1.5 x ULN
• •* STEP 1: No evidence of dyspnea at rest, no exercise intolerance, and a pulse oximetry \> 94% if there is clinical indication for determination.
• •* STEP 1: Patients with seizure disorder may be enrolled if on anticonvulsants and well controlled.
• •* STEP 1: Patients must be enrolled and protocol therapy must begin no later than 31 days after the date of radiographic diagnosis (in the case of non-biopsied DIPG patients only) or definitive surgery, whichever is the later date (Day 0).
• •For patients who have a biopsy followed by resection, the date of resection will be considered the date of definitive diagnostic surgery. If a biopsy only was performed, the biopsy date will be considered the date of definitive diagnostic surgery.
• •STEP 1: Patients must not have received any prior therapy for their central nervous system (CNS) malignancy except for surgery and steroid medications.
• •STEP 1: Patients \>=18 years of age who have H3 K27M-wild type HGG.
• •STEP 1: Patients who have an uncontrolled infection.
• •STEP 1: Patients who have received a prior solid organ transplantation.
• •STEP 1: Patients with grade \> 1 extrapyramidal movement disorder.
• •STEP 1: Patients with known macular degeneration, uncontrolled glaucoma, or cataracts.
• •STEP 1: Patients who are not able to receive protocol specified radiation therapy.
• •STEP 1:
• •* Female patients who are pregnant are ineligible since there is yet no available information regarding human fetal or teratogenic toxicities.