The Safe and Timely Antithrombotic Removal - Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs) Apixaban \& Rivaroxaban (STAR-D) study is a prospective, multicenter, double-blind, randomized study that evaluated the DrugSorb™-Antithrombotic Removal (ATR) device for removal of apixaban and rivaroxaban to reduce the likelihood of serious bleeding in patients undergoing urgent cardiothoracic surgery. The objectives were
* To demonstrate reductions in surgical and early post-surgical bleeding with the intraoperative use of DrugSorb-ATR in patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery ≤36hrs since last apixaban or rivaroxaban dose.
* To demonstrate reductions in apixaban or rivaroxaban blood levels (Δ\[DOAC\]) with the intraoperative use of DrugSorb-ATR.
* To establish the safety of the intraoperative use of DrugSorb-ATR in the intended population.
