Levels of Neuregulin-4 and Its Receptor ErbB4 in Periodontitis Patients With and Without Diabetes Type 2

Inclusion Criteria

• •For periodontitis stage III and IV patients according to (Papapanou et al., 2018 and Tonetti et al., 2018)
• •1. Bleeding on probing (BOP) ≥ 30%.
• •2. At least four non-adjacent teeth sites in each jaw having CAL ≥ 5 mm and PD ≥ 6 mm in one or more sites.
• •3. Tooth loss due to periodontitis ≥ 5 teeth.
• •4. Presence of a minimum of 15 natural teeth. For diabetes and non-diabetic patients according to ("Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus," 2014)
• •5. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus will be diagnosed as having type 2 diabetes mellitus ≥ 5 years before the study and treated with stable doses of oral hypoglycaemic agents and/or insulin under the supervision of an endocrinologist with their glycated haemoglobin level (HBA1c) \> 6%.
• •6. Non diabetic Patients in the control and stage III and IV periodontitis groups will be selected as having Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) \<126 mg/dL.